A Career in Physical Therapy

A Career in Physical Therapy Free Online Research Papers Five years ago, when I made the decision to go back to college, it was with the goal of achieving my Masters in Physical Therapy. At the time a Masters degree was all that was required, though it was known that the requirement was shifting toward a Doctorate. Now, several universities offer a combined 3.5 year Masters/Doctorate program for Physical Therapy, including Northern Arizona University in Flagstaff. Any Bachelor degree qualifies for entry into the program with the proper grade point average, but I have chosen Life Science to include the anatomy and biology courses I expect to be required. Even though striving for a Doctorate part time is a long process, I expect the job market for Physical Therapy to be wide open. A large population is constantly getting older, getting injured, and or doing more ‘extreme’ pastimes. However, as the career is not a physically demanding one on the part of the therapist, I believe one could practice for 30 to 50 years if mental acuity allows. As such, when I do get my degree, I will be starting out in competition against professionals who have held their position for 10 years or more. While the career is not overly physically demanding, mental and emotional stress are incredibly prevalent. As with any medical profession, continuing education will be non-stop, and often expensive. Emotionally, I will need to be able to motivate and support individuals constantly on the verge of giving up. My job will not just be to direct exercises, but to convince my patients they should and can. There is a saying around therapy offices,†No one does their exercises, everyone lies about it.† I expect there will be days I will want to give up on my patients, just as they have given up on themselves. The goal of my research is not just to discover the answers I don’t know, but also to confirm the information that I think I do know. To discover want I need to know, I will use the swiftly expanding repository of all American knowledge, the internet. I have reviewed legitimate sites to be able to gather information about my chosen profession; For example, reviewing websites from Physical Therapy practices. I also reviewed college sites that are offering Physical Therapy degrees and took a look at the educational requirements. Any type of medical or regulatory board for national Physical Therapy requirements and licensing has been reviewed, along with their ethical code. I have reviewed the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) to best identify current national trends in the field. I have also identified what corporations offer physical therapy to the public, and have reviewed what they are looking for in their corporate physical therapist employees. I believe this strategy will best inform me of how to pursue, how to achieve, and where to go with my Physical Therapist Doctorate to achieve my corporate career. According to the Physical Therapist Licensing Requirements, only degrees from â€Å"CAPTE accredited schools† are recognized as legitimate for educational requirements (Licensing). Luckily, with the nationwide regulation of the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA), any university that offers a PT Doctorate program is evaluated by CAPTE. Qualifying for entry into a PT program requires a baccalaureate degree, with â€Å"no preference given to any particular baccalaureate degree† (DeRos); as long as in my studies I manage to cover the specified sciences to the specified levels. Both NAU and Mayo College of Medicine have programs listed at 33 months, though at 20 hours fall and spring. The program specifically prepares you to take the national licensure examination (Hollman). The cost of these programs are staggering; with the lowest starting at $10,000, ranging all the way up to $78,678 just for tuition, never mind lab, book, or living cost. The average one can expect to pay just for the Doctorate portion of their schooling is $25,000 to $30,000. One specific career path I looked into was the Navy. Though the pay for Naval Officers is at the low end of average for physical therapists, full medical, dental, housing allowance, and the respect due an officer is standard. Aside from the usual benefits associated with military service, the navy also offers advancement â€Å"through experience, training and continuing education† (Navy). This means that even if I decide to leave the military after my mandatory 3 years, I will be able to present an extensive rà ©sumà © to any civilian corporation. However, the limited number of the highly sought after positions in the Navel Medical Program makes the high competition for the position discouraging. Still, a full ride at US Army-Baylor University where I am actually paid â€Å"$43,000 annually† (Navy) to attend is well worth the striving when compared to the costs of other institutions. Though presently only a Masters degree is required to qualify as a practicing physical therapist (Bureau), it is the stated vision of the American Physical Therapy Association that â€Å"by 2020, physical therapy will be provided by (those) who are doctors of physical therapy† (apta.org). So even current licensed practitioners will be required to achieve their doctorate by 2020, or lose their license. While it is stated that all licensed physical therapists are responsible for continuing education and participation in ongoing research, no minimum hours of education or research are noted; rather, continued education will be proven through periodic reevaluation by CAPTE as a requirement to maintain licensure (apta.org). With an ever increasing elderly population, the popularity of ‘extreme’ sports and pastimes, and the general increase in awareness of health and liability the continued demand for physical therapists in the future is ensured. In fact, demand is expected to grow as much as 27% over the next 10 years, much higher than average (Bureau). Part of this growth will be spurred by advances in other medical areas; as trauma and accident survival increases, so too will the needs for recovery specialists (Bureau). The numbers seeking employment are expected to keep pace with the demand for practitioners, with the highest demand in the densely populated eastern states. The average annual salary for physical therapists as of May 2007 was $71,520 (Bureau). One aspect that surprised me was the variety of specialty certifications available in the Physical Therapy profession. However, when searching on corporate sites such as Spooner, they have listed such specialty certificates as hand, orthopedic, sportsmetrics, and geriatrics specialties (Spooner). Such certifications are offered as continuing education from specialty clinics such as Therapeutic Associates (TAI). Such clinics are expensive, $700.00 for a weekend session, and often required travel, as the Sportsmetric clinic is only available in Oregon (TAI). Such classes should â€Å"not be taken by individuals who are not licensed† and are not subsidized by the employer (TAI). Still, these certificates are necessary to be competitive in the job market, as corporations hire based solely on the strength of the resume, without listing desires or requirements (Spooner) There is no real advancement or career path as a physical therapist. You can head up a clinic, but at that point you are more an administrator then a practitioner. You can teach clinics or classes, but then you are more an educator. Rather, the level of a physical therapist is determined by education, certification, and experience. Salaries are weighted according to these three criteria, the heaviest weight given to experience. A beginning practitioner may expect to earn only $51,000.00 annually, far less than the â€Å"$75,000 for physical therapists with more than 15 years of experience† (DeRos). There are several points to pursuing a career as a physical therapist that I find discouraging; the major one being time. 20 credit hours a semester is a tough load for a fulltime student, impossible for one that also has to work full time to help support a family. I am already 30, earning my bachelorette and doctorate at half time will likely take me 9 years to complete. I do worry about entering a new career at a perceivably advanced age. Of course the cost is enough to give anyone pause. I will likely have to take out large student loans to afford my classes, and then hope I am able to pass so that I will be able to pay them off. Finally, the difficulty of the classes themselves worries me. I have never attempted anything as advanced as these classes, and the prospect is a bit intimidating. If I do manage to pass, however, my future seems both bright and secure. I will make a comfortable living, be able to support my family, and practice in a field I love. Research for this project seemed fairly straight forward. I would gather a list of 20 or more reputable sites, based on who maintained the site, and pick out the ten or so best ones based on the information they contained. I started with the Bureau of Labor Statistics and expected to be led to several sources from there. I was led to the American Physical Therapy Association, which was the central repository for all things Physical Therapy in the United States that I was hoping to find. From there, I found the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education and every university website I might need, but came to a dead end as far as actual career information. The BLS had all the statistics, APTA had all the direct information and everything was just that centralized. Any site I went to for more information only had a general description and a link to APTA. Even the business and corporate sites I went to recommended APTA for more information. Corporations like Spoone r Physical Therapy and Therapeutic Associates I found because I am specifically looking to work for a corporation rather than be independent, and the Navy I only knew to look into because I am already doing so. As I reviewed the sites, if a regulatory commission was mentioned, I looked to see if they had a site. This did lead me to a couple more places for specific information, but was not quite the web-ring I expected to find. Still, I did find all the information I was looking for, and am confident I now can find anything I might need to know in the future. I would have liked to interview a practicing physical therapist. I really feel that many of the experience aspects of the career can only be express from a person. I also wish the human resources departments of Spooner and TA would have contacted me back. Overall, I have a yellow light for the pursuit of the degree; proceed, but with caution; and for the career, a green light all the way. References Licensing Requirements By State. Retrieved February 21, 2009 from www.visalaw.com/IMG/charts.html DeRos, Carl. Admission Requirements for NAU Physical Therapy. Retrieved February 28, 2009 from http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~pt-p/programs/dpt/prereqs.php Hollman, John. Physical Therapy Doctoral Program for Mayo College of Medicine.(2009) Retrieved February 28, 2009 from mayo.edu/mshs/pt-career.html Health Care Careers for U.S. Navy. Retrieved February 28, 2009 from navy.com/careers/healthcare/medicalservicecorps/clinicalcareproviders/physicaltherapy/ Bureau of Labor Statistics: Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2008-09 Edition. Retrieved February 21, 2009 from bls.gov/oco/ocos080.htm Spooner Career Center (2008) Retrieved February 21, 2009 from http://spoonerphysicaltherapy.com/careers.html Continuing Education for Therapeutic Associates. Retrieved February 21, 2009 from therapeuticassociates.com/Education/ Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education: CAPTE Accreditation (2007) Retrieved February 21, 2009 from https://capteportal.capteonline.org/Pages/Login.aspx Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy Retrieved February 21, 2009 from fsbpt.org/ Research Papers on A Career in Physical TherapyThree Concepts of PsychodynamicOpen Architechture a white paperInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesQuebec and CanadaResearch Process Part OneStandardized TestingGenetic EngineeringThe Project Managment Office SystemThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseTwilight of the UAW

La Ensenanza del ingles Juridico †Spanish Essay

La Ensenanza del ingles Juridico – Spanish Essay Free Online Research Papers La Ensenanza del ingles Juridico Spanish Essay This essay is going to deal with the most frequent problems in the design of English courses for students of law, the solutions found by the author, Anabel Borja Albi, and the results of the adopted focus. Anabel designed the syllabus focusing on the main principles of ESP-English for Special Purposes. It is a syllabus for the students of law at Jaume I University divided into three half-yearly courses. The large number of students per class is absolutely discouraging -nearly ninety. As a consequence, the lessons are given in huge lecture rooms with fixed furniture and microphones, which are not the most appropriate conditions for teaching neither for learning. Firstly, the analysis of learner needs using questionnaires at the very beginning of the course turned out to be unsuitable since the students were afraid of the level and felt incapable of facing ESP courses. Concerning this fact, the syllabus has to deal not only with the academic aspects ( the students should be able to understand judicial texts in order to investigate and face their professional future) but also with the professional ones ( English for Business is a course of major importance since a huge percentage of students would work in multinationals or firms related to external trade). As a result of this analysis of learner needs, many objectives should be posed. As a measure to tackle these problems this author proposes some objectives such as getting the students familiar with the language related to law gradually in order to encourage them to increase their knowledge in some ESP courses related to law. Another objective is explaining the students how to use the language related to law in English in order to understand authentic legal documents -in this respect, ESP and EAP ( English for Academic Purposes) would be linked. Moreover, introducing specific vocabulary gradually and making the students connect these new lexical items with daily life situations in order to make easier their learning. And last but not least, helping the students with the acquisition of some basic communicative skills to function effectively in their target situation-business. These objectives must be taken into account in the syllabus design. Concerning the syllabus design, we are dealing with ESP courses, in this case English for Law. The specific content is a factor of major importance in the syllabus since it encourages the students to undertake this course and introduces not only linguistic issues but also communicative and practical ones. As an introduction the course tries to arouse curiosity. Then, the first and second semester introduce some vocabulary related to law using realia. Abstract judicial concepts are utterly avoided in these semesters -the lecturer will give priority to concepts which students are more familiar with. Themes are related to work, contracts, firms, etc. Every lesson deals with a legal concept that can present a practical application. Finally, the last semester is quite different -concepts concerning English for Business are introduced. In this semester the course is much more focused on communication. Learners will have acquire more autonomy which will alow them to investigate. Afterwards, they make oral presentations in class which will generate a discussion among all students. To sum up, the syllabus design of a course of English for Law tackles many problems. The high number of students in the lecture room, the bad conditions and an inappropriate methodology complicate the learning. The analysis of learner needs, the objectives and the syllabus design constitute the base of this study. Do not forget any of these points if you want to be successful in your syllabus design. Research Papers on La Ensenanza del ingles Juridico - Spanish EssayStandardized TestingInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesOpen Architechture a white paperIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalPETSTEL analysis of IndiaBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaThe Project Managment Office SystemHip-Hop is Art

The Stick-Built House (In Situ)

The Stick-Built House (In Situ) A stick-built home is a wooden framed house constructed on a building site piece by piece (or stick by stick). It describes the process or how a home is built. Manufactured, modular, and prefabricated homes are not classified as stick-built, because they are made mostly in the factory, transported to the site, and then assembled. A custom home and a home made according to stock building plans may both be stick-built, provided that they are constructed board-by-board on the land where they will remain. Stick-built describes the construction method and not the design. Other names for stick-built homes include site built, hard construction, and in situ. What Is In Situ? In situ is Latin for in place or in position. It can be pronounced a number of ways, including  in-SIT-oo, in-SITCH-oo, and most correctly in-SEYE-too. Because commercial architecture is not generally made out of sticks of wood, the Latin in situ is often used to describe a process of building commercial properties or, more often, producing construction materials on site. For example, in situ concrete means cast-in-place concrete. That is, the concrete is molded and cured (i.e., cast) on the construction site, as opposed to pre-cast concrete (e.g., columns or beams made in a factory and transported to the construction site). One of the green methods used for the London 2012 summer Olympic Games was to provide a batching plant onsite, a one-source supplier of low-carbon concrete for all of the builders of Olympic Park. Concrete was mixed and poured in situ. In situ construction methods are thought to be more environmentally friendly. The main reason behind this belief is reducing the harmful effects of transporting beam after beam and pier after pier. Pros and Cons of Stick-Built Homes A common perception is that stick-built homes are better constructed, last longer, and have a better resale value than prefabricated or modular homes. This perception may or may not be true. Comparisons depend on the quality of the manufactured product versus the workmanship of a builder or carpenter. The major advantage for the home builder is in control. The contractor is in command of the materials and how they are assembled. Likewise, home owners also have certain administrative rights as they can oversee the piece-by-piece construction of their investment when its built in situ. Disadvantages: Common perceptions against stick-built homes involve time and money - that is, stick-built homes take more time to build and they cost more than house pieces built off-site and simply assembled onsite. Competitors also claim that continuous construction traffic to and from the building site makes the stick-built process less than a green building environment. These perceptions may or may not be true. Pushback From Prefabricators Stick-building is a traditional method being challenged by the marketers of modular and prefabricated methods. American Custom Builders, an independent modular home builder in Defiance, Ohio, describes why a system of prefabrication is better than stick built for these reasons: Stick built home have no controlled environment like a factory does - building outdoors in humidity and water can damage wood and cause delays. They say: A stick builder cannot control the weather....Our homes are all built indoors under a temperature controlled environment.Frame carpenters can take short-cuts youll never know about. They say: With An All American Home they use jigs to make sure the walls are straight and square.Stick-built homes take three times longer to build than prefabricated homes. They say: When the house is delivered, we will have it up in aprox. 9 hours.Homes built off-site are less expensive. They say: Will match our prices against his, any day! In Situ Architecture In situ architecture is a structure designed for a particular place, a specific environment, and a known site. Stick-built houses may be constructed onsite, but that doesnt mean that the building was designed architecturally for that land. Portland, Oregon architect Jeff Stern seeks to create architecture that is site specific....to capture the experience of a particular place; how the sunlight falls, and the rise and fall of the land....maintain and create strong views, maximize daylight and natural ventilation, and generally create a place better than when we began. The name of his architectural firm is In Situ Architecture. Resources and Further Reading BOCA Built, American Custom Builders, americancustombuilder.com/bocabuilt.htm [accessed September 8, 2015]About In Situ Architecture, insituarchitecture.net/about/ [accessed September 8, 2015]

Business strategy. Strategies aren't worth the paper they're written Essay

Business strategy. Strategies aren't worth the paper they're written on Discuss - Essay Example According to MacMillan and Tampoe, each business must have a business strategy and, thus, multiple of business enterprises must have a number of strategies (2001, p. 171). Yet, at the same time, the situation implies that there is a need to appropriately define the scope of each business (MacMillan and Tampoe, 2001, p. 171). According to MacMillan and Tampoe (2001, p. 172-173), in addition to the four content pointed out earlier, a business strategy document should also contain the following: 1) a statement of intentions; 2) the principal findings of a strategic assessment covering analyses of the business environment and capabilities of the enterprise; 3) the strategic choices that have been made and the reasons for each strategic choice decision; 4) articulation of goals and objectives; and 5) identification of key initiatives that the enterprise would take. Perhaps, a good indication that the use of strategy is not on the way out is a key document from the United Kingdom’s Her Majesty’s Court Service or HMCS. A 2006 document of Her Majesty’s Court Service or HMCS outlined a â€Å"business strategy†. ... † written in 2006 described what the business organization of the HMCS will be like and articulated a business model, defined priorities, and defined a strategy that covered effective case management, modernisation, simplification of procedures, and ensuring compliance. From the 2006 HMCS document alone, it is clear that the use of business strategy is not on the way out. Organisations such as businesses and government units use business strategy to articulate both to their personnel as well as clients how they intend to conduct their business or how each personnel should behave as they conduct their business. Big business corporations employ strategy. For instance, this fact is indicated in a 2008 document of the Coca-Cola Company. The importance of a business strategy document is highlighted by a statement on the 2008 document of the Coca-Cola Company. The Coca-Cola Company (2008, p. 2) document says, â€Å"Simple ideas backed by constructive action can change the world. As we set out to create a more sustainable world, we begin by imagining what it might look like. Then, in collaboration with our associates and partners around the world, we embark on joint efforts to make that vision a reality. Because nothing important was ever conceived without imagination or accomplished without effort.† Of course, while strategy involves imagination, it is not equal to imagination. It is, at the same time, imagination and a lot more. It involves an assessment of the situation and, as mentioned earlier, the identification of basic choices that must be made and the decisions taken on those choices to steer the enterprise given various types of anticipated scenarios in the future. The Cocal-Cola business strategy or strategy (the word â€Å"business† is written off because

Discuss the extent to which Poverty Reduction Strategies represent a Essay

Discuss the extent to which Poverty Reduction Strategies represent a major changes in policy for the World Bank in relation to t - Essay Example Moreover, this review featured a chance to acknowledge the process, which was enhanced on the basis of preliminary evidence that was available. In this case, there were numerous issues that had to be resolved and this gave rise to several questions, which were asked by NGOs. For instance, some of the hard questions to be asked related to assimilation of Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP). In addition, this review sought to determine whether the process of implementing PRSP had met the expectation within stipulated administrative costs. This is a report focusing on assessing the changes that has occurred due to the implementation of Poverty Reduction Strategies through programmes established by World Bank and IMF. On the other hand, it will discuss the way poverty has been utilized as a facilitating Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) among poor countries. In fact, this has resulted to a sever condition of their economic crisis. The World Bank and IMF have formulated strict p olicy focused on operations involving Bank Fund. For instance, they have focused on assortment of prescriptions that are merely classified as â€Å"good governance.† Nevertheless, there are international donors, who have complied with the Bank development models that is featured in PRSP. As a matter of fact, this has failed significantly during the years that it has been implemented in the Global South. Apparently, World Bank and IMF have been avoiding ways to tackle the problems that has contributed to failure of implementing Poverty Reduction Strategies. Instead, they focus on evaluating the PRSP process, thereby identifying chance of replicating favourable practices. In this case, these practices are emanated from the PRSP process that is considered helpful. Moreover, this process is far much better compared to other processes, which disregard poor people, thereby imposing solutions without reference to specific subject country; besides, there are instances where the proce sses are derived without consulting the counties receiving the funds. Therefore, PRSP has been evaluated by several NGOs, and this has given rise to a desire of determining whether the World Bank is still fixated to achieving their mission of eradicating poverty. Consequently, this leads to a substantial challenge in discussing the extent of implementing Poverty Reduction Strategy on the basis of policies implemented by the World Bank on the based on effects in the Global South. Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) A country’s macroeconomic condition is explained by the Poverty Reduction Strategies (PRS) and Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSP) (IMF-World Bank, 1999, 1). Moreover, Poverty Reduction Strategy features a structural and social policies, and programs that are focused on promoting growth as a way of reducing poverty. Therefore, PRS serves as a substantial source of financing countries that are languishing in poverty (Robb, 2000, 2). PRS are established by the gover nments of respective countries through their participation in the process, which involve civil society and necessary development partners. In fact, this process involves the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) (IMF-World Bank, 2001, 1). On the other hand, the PRSP is written by a given country thrice in a period of one year. However, the content entailed in the PRSP varies from one country to the other; through they all share a similarity of covering

Personal Statement (Martin Luther King) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal Statement (Martin Luther King) - Essay Example Martin Luther emphasizes the fact that a good reasoning ability is not enough for an individual to make a success of himself, but instead it is very important for one to have proper character and moral development. In Luther’s opinion, building an individual’s character helps them to have critical intellect, which would in turn helps them solve humane purposes. Exploring the dual purpose of education, Luther feels that education should be given utmost importance because it serves to ‘discipline the mind’ and channelize human life with a set of morals. According to Martin Luther, the primary goal of a good education comprises of two chief characteristics, which are 1) Intelligence and 2) Character. If either of these two is missing then education cannot be said to be complete or wholesome. Speaking on the function of education Martin Luther states that, â€Å"The function of education, therefore, is to teach one to think intensively and to think critically. But education which stops with efficiency may prove the greatest menace to society." (Martin Luther, ‘The Maroon Tiger, 1947) Luther strongly felt that many people among his own circle had a misconception on the true purpose or function of education. ... This dual function of education includes utility as well as culture. He strongly felt that education is a vehicle that enables man to achieve the goals he set for himself in life through efficiency and determination. In order to achieve these goals and make a success of oneself, education has to be a sort of training ground to help man think and act quickly and effectively. Shedding light on the so called educated people, Luther states that though they are educated, they allow themselves to be carried away mentally by believing in propaganda, half truths and other prejudices and, therefore, wonders about the true purpose of education and the extent it fulfills it. In his opinion, most educated people do not think and act either logically or scientifically. The chief aim of education according to Martin Luther is that it should serve to help people sift through the morass of half-truths and arrive at only the truth and nothing else. They should be able to segregate the facts from fict ion and arrive at what is real, leaving aside things that are unreal in life. To achieve such a state in life, intelligence alone is not enough because the true goal of education is to have an education that includes both intelligence and character. QUESTION 2: Critical thinking is one of the primary goals of a good Jesuit education and there is no doubt about the values it is based on. Dr. Martin Luther King encouraged and emphasized critical thinking because he clearly understood its importance in our everyday lives. There are many definitions of what good critical thinking is. According to the NSCC (Nashville State Community College) Critical thinking is defined as ‘the careful and deliberate determination of whether

Humanism in Utopia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Humanism in Utopia - Essay Example He was born in London to Sir John More who was a famous judge. He studied at St Anthony's School in London and as a teen he served as a page to Archbishop Morton who said that More would be a great man. More went to  Oxford  to study under William Grocyn and  Thomas Linacre. During his stay, he made comedies and focused on Greek and Latin literature. He translated the Latin biography of the famous Italian humanist  Pico della Mirandola. Afterwards, More returned to London to pursue law and he was admitted to  Lincoln's Inn as a barrister. Despite of that, he did not automatically follow his father’s shadow. He was confused between a religious life and a life as a civil servant. During his stay at Lincoln's Inn, becoming a monk was in his mind and studied the the  Carthusian discipline. The religious habits were permanently became part of his life. Later on he decided to take the path of a civil servant and a married life (Luminarium). He married Jane Colt and they had four children but Colt died young. He remarried for the sake of his children to Alice Middleton who was six years older than him. Middleton became a good housewife although she was different from More. More then became a famous judge, lawyer and a personal secretary to Henry VIII. He was then executed when he did not sign the oath making the king as the supreme head of the church in England. He still left a legacy and one of his famous works is Utopia (Liukkonen and Pesonen). His idea on Utopia was greatly influenced by the concept of humanism. The broad concept of humanism is concerned with the what aspects to become a human or human-being centered (Fowler 5). Humanism can also be defined as the term pertaining to a famous social philosophy and intellectual and literary currents from 1400 to 1650. The concept favor the classical pagan beliefs revolving around the philosophy of secularism or the appreciation of worldly pleasures. It also promoted individualism. Prosperity and gr owth in trade increased the interest in materialism or worldly pleasures even though people formed allegiance to the Catholic Church. Humanism therefore pushed forth the ideas of classical writers on social values and secular attitudes. Humanism embraced the mystical and aesthetic aspects of the period before the development of science. People were not free from the ancient authority. They transferred authorities instead of removing them. The humanists followed and read their authorities due to aesthetic pleasure and moral uplift (Kreis). The characters of the book Utopia were Thomas More, Peter Giles and a fictional character named Raphael Hythloday. More was a London public servant who wrote a letter to his friend Giles in Belgium who was an editor and clerk. The story was divided into two books. In book one, the background of Hythloday was introduced and More met Hythloday because of Giles. Hythloday was a Portuguese explorer who sailed to the New World with the Italian explorer, Amerigo Vespucci. He traveled in the New World and became close to the Utopians. The conversation of the three men revolved around the existence of the New World and compared it to the European political and economic issues. Book two unfolded the information regarding Utopia as Hythloday revealed it to More and Giles. The history, geography, social customs, legal and political systems, economic structures, religious beliefs and philosophy of Utopia were all tackled. Utopia started when General Utopus civilized the area and turned it into an